xsl:for-each-group

Selects a sequence of nodes and/or atomic items and organizes them into subsets called groups.

Category: instruction
Content: ( xsl:sort* , sequence-constructor )
Permitted parent elements: any XSLT element whose content model is sequence-constructor; any literal result element

Attributes

select

expression

Expression to select nodes/values.

group-by?

expression

Groups together all items having the same value for a grouping key. The grouping key may have multiple values (a sequence of values) in which case the item is added to more than one group.

group-adjacent?

expression

Groups together all items having the same value for a grouping key, provided that they are also adjacent in the input sequence. This is useful when you need to wrap a new element around a sequence of related elements in the source documents, for example a consecutive sequence of <bullet> elements. In this case the grouping key must be single-valued.

group-starting-with?

pattern

Processes the items in the supplied sequence in turn, starting a new group whenever one of the items matches a specified pattern. This is useful, for example, when matching an <h2> element and its following <p> elements.

group-ending-with?

pattern

Processes the items in the supplied sequence in turn, closing the current group whenever one of the items matches a specified pattern. This is useful when matching a sequence of items in which the last item in the group carries some distinguishing attribute such as continued="no".

split-when?

expression

New in XSLT 4.0. Allows a new group to be started conditionally based on the contents of the current group so far. The value of the attribute is an expression, which must return a boolean. The expression is supplied with two variables, namely (a) $group which is set to the contents of the current group, and (b) $next which is set to the next item. The expression returns false if the new item is to be added to the end of the current group, or true if the current group is complete and the new item is to become the first item in a new current group. For example split-when="sum($group/@page-count) gt 100" starts a new group when the size of the current group passes some threshold.

merge-when?

expression

New in XSLT 4.0. Not implemented in Saxon 13.

composite?

boolean

Can be used when grouping using either group-by or group-adjacent. If set to yes, then the group-by and group-adjacent expressions may evaluate to a sequence, and grouping is done by comparing the entire sequence. If set to no (the default), then when group-by evaluates to a sequence, the relevant item has multiple grouping keys and goes in multiple groups; with group-adjacent, a sequence-valued grouping key is then an error.

collation?

{ uri }

The name of a collating sequence, used when comparing grouping keys. Can be used when grouping using either group-by or group-adjacent. If present it must be a collation URI that uses the scheme and path http://www.w3.org/2013/collation/UCA, in which case it requests use of the Unicode Collation Algorithm, or is a collation otherwise recognized by Saxon: see Sorting and collations.

Saxon availability

Available in XSLT 2.0 and later versions. Available in all Saxon editions. Available for all platforms.

Notes on the Saxon implementation

The composite attribute has been implemented since Saxon 9.6.

Since 9.6, Saxon supports streamed grouping when the group-adjacent, group-starting-with, or group-ending-with attributes are used. Streaming with a group-by attribute became available in 9.7 maintenance releases and is fully supported in Saxon 9.8 (in this case the xsl:for-each-group instruction must appear within xsl:fork).

The XSLT 4.0 split-when attribute is available from Saxon 13. Streaming is not yet implemented for split-when. In Saxon 11 and 12, this attribute was available experimentally under the name break-when provided that syntax extensions were enabled; for now this is retained as a synonym, but will be removed in a later release.

The XSLT 4.0 merge-when attribute is not yet implemented in Saxon.

Details

There are four possible ways of defining the grouping using different attributes: group-by, group-adjacent, group-starting-with, and group-ending-with.

In XSLT 3.0, the capabilities of the xsl:for-each-group instruction are extended by virtue of the fact that the pattern used in group-starting-with or group-ending-with can now match atomic items as well as nodes.

In XSLT 4.0, two new ways of defining the grouping are introduced using the new attributes merge-when and split-when. Only split-when is currently implemented in Saxon 13. This allows a new group to be started conditionally based on the contents of the current group so far. For example, split-when="@date lt $group[last()]/@date causes a new group to be started whenever the date on the current item is earlier than the date on the last item in the previous group.

Examples

For examples of using the instruction, see the XSLT 3.0 specification.

Links to W3C specifications

XSLT 3.0 Specification

XSLT 4.0 Specification

See also

xsl:sort

current-group()

current-grouping-key()